This post reviews the pharmacokinetics and uses of commonly used parenteral benzodiazepines.
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Parenteral Benzodiazepines
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The Case for Outpatient Alcohol Detoxification
Editor: Christie Lech
Background:
The prevalence of adult alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States ranges from 7% to 16% (Muncie 2013). There are an estimated 500,000 cases of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) requiring pharmacologic intervention every year (Hoffman 2015). In addition, alcoholism has a large economic burden with annual health related costs estimated to be over $220 billion (Bouchery 2006).
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Journal Review
The “Syringe Technique” for TMJ Reduction
Acute nontraumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocations are uncommon presentations in the ED that occur after excessive mouth opening. Common circumstances include laughing, yawning and dental extraction. The most common TMJ dislocation is the anterior form and reduction can be labor intensive, protracted and typically requires procedural sedation.
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Core
Orogastric Lavage
Orogastric lavage is rarely used but remains an important intervention in specific situations.
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Journal Review
Optimal First Line Analgesia in Ureteric Colic
Ureteric colic is a common cause of severe pain. Anecdotally, many patients describe it as “the worst pain” they’ve experienced. In the Emergency Department (ED) pain is typically treated with either a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or an opiate or a combination of both. There are limited high-quality studies investigating whether one medication is superior to another or whether the route of medication administration makes a difference.
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Cholangitis
This post discusses recognition and treatment of cholangitis; a life-threatening disorder.
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Journal Review
Amiodarone, Lidocaine or Placebo in OHCA
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) leads to over 300,000 deaths every year in North America. Many OHCA are due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), which are generally considered to have the best prognosis during cardiac arrest due to their responsiveness to defibrillation. However, attempts at defibrillation during cardiac arrest frequently result in non-sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC),
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Core
True Knee + Patellar Dislocations
Knee dislocations are relatively uncommon but can be limb-threatening if complications go unrecognized.
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