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Neonatal Intestinal Emergencies

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Neonatal Intestinal Emergencies
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Journal Review

Spectrophotometry or Visual Inspection for Xanthochromia

Filed Under: Tags: , , , , March 3rd, 2016 Leave a Comment

Although non-contrast head CT (NCHCT) has near perfect sensitivity (98-100%) in detecting aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) when performed within 6 hours of headache onset, sensitivity declines after 6 hours. As a result of declining sensitivity, lumbar puncture (LP) continues to be part of the workup in suspected SAH. An LP gives providers the ability to perform CSF analysis for red blood cells and detect xanthochromia by visual inspection or spectrophotometry.
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Journal Review

Isopropyl Alcohol in the Treatment of Nausea

Filed Under: Tags: , February 11th, 2016 One Comment

Nausea is a common complaint seen in the Emergency Department (ED). Although there are a number of agents available for treatment, the efficacy and safety of these drugs have recently come into question. Metoclopramide is a commonly used antiemetic agent but it carries significant side effects including akathesia and tardive dyskinesia. Ondansetron is another central acting drug that has been shown to be effective in nausea prophylaxis in patients receiving chemotherapy but has a black box warning due to its effect of prolonging the QT interval.
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Journal Review

ED Initiated Buprenorphine/Naloxone Treatment for Opioid Dependence

Filed Under: Tags: , January 14th, 2016 Leave a Comment

The harmful effects of opioid dependence are well known to ED providers and include overdose, high risk behaviors, and psychosocial instability. Patients with opioid dependence represent a significant proportion of ED visits annually, whether for overdose, addiction/withdrawal treatment, or general medical and psychiatric care. Previous studies have shown that buprenorphine/naloxone, a partial opioid agonist + antagonist,
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Journal Review

Isolated Scalp Hematoma in Peds Minor Head Trauma

Filed Under: Tags: , October 29th, 2015 Leave a Comment

There are more than 450,000 Emergency Department presentations each year for children with blunt head trauma. 25% of visits for blunt head trauma are in children less than 24 months of age. Scalp hematomas in this age group maybe the only sign of traumatic brain injury (TBI). An astute clinician must clinically assess those with possible TBI,
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Journal Review

Effect of Oximetry on Hospitalization in Bronchiolitis

Filed Under: Tags: , , May 1st, 2015 Leave a Comment

Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalizations among infants in the United States. Hospitalizations for this disease have increased and it has been hypothesized that reliance on oximetry values may be at least partly responsible for the increase. There is no absolute consensus on whether supplemental oxygen is required in patients with saturations between 90-95%.
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